Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the results of urinary diversion for non-oncological bladder conditions. 

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study for 87 patients who underwent urine diversion for bladder dysfunction due to non-oncological indications over the last 10 years. According to the indication of urine diversion, the cohort was grouped into group I, neurogenic bladder (NGB), and group II, non-neurogenic bladder (non-NGB). We evaluated baseline demographic information, surgical indications, and operative data. The early outcomes were reported after four weeks following surgery and the late outcomes were reported after a minimum of six months of followup.

Results: Forty-four patients (55.6 %) suffered early postoperative complications during the first four weeks following surgery. These complications were more common in patients with NGB than in the non-NGB group (53.3 % vs. 44.4 %). Ileus was the most frequently encountered early postoperative complication in 22 (25.3%) patients and it was significantly higher in the NGB group (31.7% vs.11.1%, p=0.041). The late outcomes after a minimum of six months followup revealed an overall improvement of urological symptoms in 65.5% of patients (n=57), and this rate was higher in patients with non-NGB than NGB (74.1% vs. 61.6%) (Table 1).

Conclusions: While urine diversion for non-oncological bladder dysfunction can provide a reasonable level of symptom control, it has been associated with adverse outcomes. The overall early complications tend to be higher in NGB patients while the long-term ones are higher in non-NGB patients. Postoperative Ileus is more frequent and significantly higher in neurogenic bladder patients.