Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) often have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life. Patient decision aids (PDAs) can be used to increase patients' knowledge of their health condition and help guide treatment decisions. Our objective was to systematically review PDAs designed for adult patients with LUTS.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL were searched from inception through to June 2021. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (#220534). After designing comprehensive search strategies, two reviewers independently screened abstracts to identify those that met inclusion criteria. Studies reporting on the development or evaluation of PDAs for LUTS were included. PDAs were examined based on the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) and evaluation studies were compared in accordance with Standards for UNiversal reporting of patient Decision Aid Evaluations (SUNDAE).

Results: Overall, 2096 abstracts were reviewed and 33 full-text articles were analyzed, resulting in 17 papers meeting inclusion criteria. PDA topics included prostatic hyperplasia (12), stress incontinence (2), overactive bladder (2), and urethral strictures (1). Types of PDAs included an interactive multimedia program, a decision support booklet, a mobile application, and several web-based decision aids. No PDA met all IPDAS criteria. The main outcomes support the idea that PDAs increase patients’ knowledge of their health condition, decrease decisional conflict, and improve patient satisfaction with their treatment choice. Adherence to SUNDAE ranged from 46–100%.

Conclusions: This systematic review revealed there is limited data published on PDAs to help patients guide management of their LUTS outside of the patient with prostatic hyperplasia. Given the increasing number of options available for patients with LUTS and the evidence supporting the use of PDAs, further development of high-quality PDAs would be beneficial.